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Unbinned contigs expand known diversity in the global microbiome

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Item Type:Article
Title:Unbinned contigs expand known diversity in the global microbiome
Creators Name:Prasoodanan Pk, Vishnu, Maistrenko, Oleksandr M., Fullam, Anthony, Mende, Daniel R., Kartal, Ece, Coelho, Luis Pedro, Spang, Anja, Bork, Peer and Schmidt, Thomas S.B.
Abstract:The ongoing census of microbial life is hampered by disparate sampling across Earth’s habitats, challenges in isolating uncultivated organisms, limited resolution in taxonomic marker gene amplicons and incomplete recovery of metagenome-assembled genomes. Here we quantify discoverable Bacterial and Archaeal diversity in a comprehensive, curated cross-habitat dataset of 92,187 publicly available metagenomes. Clustering 502 million sequences of 130 marker genes, we predict ~705,000 Bacterial and ~27,000 Archaeal species-level clades, the vast majority of which were hidden among unbinned contigs. We estimate that ten and 145 previously undescribed Archaeal and Bacterial phyla, respectively, are discoverable in this dataset. We identify soils and aquatic environments as hotspots of discoverable lineages, but predict that undescribed taxa remain abundant across all habitats. Finally, we show that prokaryotic diversity appears to arise within common evolutionary patterns, as clade size distributions follow power laws, consistently across the Tree of Life.
Source:Nature Microbiology
ISSN:2058-5276
Publisher:Nature Publishing Group
Date:3 April 2026
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-026-02314-6
PubMed:View item in PubMed
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