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| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Effect of temperature ramp in rapid folding of 3D DNA origami structures |
| Creators Name: | Dey, Anurit, Al Hussain, Mohammed Mustafa A., Pham, Xuan‐Hung, Loo, Jacky, Natarajan, Ashwin Karthick and Kuzyk, Anton |
| Abstract: | DNA origami (DO) has emerged as a powerful technique for constructing nanoscale structures and devices. However, conventional folding protocols for complex 3D DO structures are slow, typically requiring 24 h or longer, limiting scalability for practical applications. Here, we investigate the role of the temperature ramp in DO folding and propose a modified protocol that confines annealing to a 60°C–40°C window. Using four distinct designs, a 20‐helix square box, a 24‐helix bundle, a 13‐helix ring, and a switchable cross structure, we evaluate folding yield, structural uniformity, and functional performance across a range of folding times and buffer conditions. We find that folding occurs rapidly within the 60°C–40°C window, with over 85% of the yield of the conventional 30 h protocol achieved within 1–3 h. Functional switching of the cross structure is retained even in samples folded in 30 min. For aggregation‐prone structures, such as the 13‐ring, the shorter ramp reduces multimer formation and improves the usable yield compared to prolonged folding. These findings confirm the critical influence of the temperature ramp in DO assembly and provide a broadly applicable protocol for faster folding, with potential impact in rapid prototyping, screening, and applications such as plasmonics, sensing, lithography, and metamaterials. |
| Keywords: | Assembly Yield, DNA Origami, Self-Assembly, Temperature Ramp |
| Source: | Small Structures |
| ISSN: | 2688-4062 |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| Page Range: | e202500682 |
| Date: | 15 December 2025 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202500682 |
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