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Paw posture is a robust indicator for injury, pain, and age

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Item Type:Preprint
Title:Paw posture is a robust indicator for injury, pain, and age
Creators Name:Pritz, Christian Oliver, Dotta, Sofia, Freund, Philip Alexander, Musso, Giada, Bader, Michael, Okladnikov, Nataliya, Rother, Franziska and Marvaldi, Letizia
Abstract:Inferring biological states from animal behavior is a crucial but challenging step in biomedical discovery that is constrained by variability and labour-intensive assays, even with AI-powered tools. Here, we show that simple images of static paws, analyzed by our custom keypoint segmentation AI-tool provide accurate read-outs for a wide array of physiological states. Without invasive testing, our method detects postural changes associated with nerve injury, acute pain, aging, and the genetic loss of kpna4, a regulator of paw innervation. Leveraging the toe-spread-reflex, a spinal-circuit driven response, the approach requires no habituation and shows low behavioral variability. Individual digits emerge as biomarkers for internal states with digit V indicating neuropathic pain during nerve damage and digit I reflecting loss of kpna4. Our model is freely available and can readily be adapted to other tasks or species. These findings establish unstimulated paw posture as a scaleable, low-cost, readout for biological states.
Keywords:Animals, Mice
Source:bioRxiv
Publisher:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Article Number:2025.11.13.688005
Date:13 November 2025
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.11.13.688005
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