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MRAP2 modifies the signaling and oligomerization state of the melanocortin-4 receptor

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Item Type:Article
Title:MRAP2 modifies the signaling and oligomerization state of the melanocortin-4 receptor
Creators: Sohail, Iqra ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1828-4098, Laurin, Suli-Anne, Kleinau, Gunnar, Chunilal, Vidicha, Morton, Andrew, Brenlla, Alfonso, Uretmen Kagiali, Zeynep Cansu ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-5814, Blouin, Marie-José ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8032-2789, Tello, Javier A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6637-2155, Beck-Sickinger, Annette G. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4560-8020, Lohse, Martin J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0599-3510, Scheerer, Patrick ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5028-2075, Bouvier, Michel ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-0100, McCormick, Peter ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2225-5181, Annibale, Paolo ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3208-5347 and Biebermann, Heike ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2024-7778
Abstract:The melanocortin-4 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor and a key regulator of appetite and metabolism. It can interact with the melanocortin-receptor accessory protein 2, a single transmembrane helix protein known to interact with several different G protein-coupled receptors. However, the consequences of this interaction are not completely understood. Here we report that co-expression of melanocortin-receptor accessory protein 2 has multiple effects on the melanocortin-4 receptor: it enhances G protein-mediated signaling and simultaneously impairs β-arrestin2 recruitment and, consequently, internalization. In addition, co-expression of melanocortin-receptor accessory protein 2 leads to an increased number of monomers of melanocortin-4 receptor by disrupting receptor oligomers. A structural homology model of the active state melanocortin-4 receptor – melanocortin-receptor accessory protein 2 – Gαs complex suggests interaction sites that are relevant for receptor activation. Our data indicate that melanocortin-receptor accessory protein 2 is an accessory protein that interacts with and influences melanocortin-4 receptor structure, biasing its signaling towards G protein-mediated effects.
Keywords:Beta-Arrestin 2, HEK293 Cells, Membrane Proteins, Molecular Models, Protein Binding, Protein Multimerization, Signal Transducing Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transduction, Type 4 Melanocortin Receptor, Animals
Source:Nature Communications
ISSN:2041-1723
Publisher:Nature Publishing Group
Volume:16
Number:1
Page Range:8324
Date:25 September 2025
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63988-w
PubMed:View item in PubMed
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