Platelet-rich plasma - a comprehensive review of isolation, activation, and application

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Item Type:	Review
Title:	Platelet-rich plasma - a comprehensive review of isolation, activation, and application
Creators Name:	Rath, Matthias, Spinnen, Jacob, Kuhrt, Leonard D., Priglinger, Eleni, Seika, Philippa, Runge, Domenique, Schubring, Stephan, Laue, Dominik, Wickert, Maryam, Erdem, Mehmet, Ertel, Wolfgang and Shopperly, Lennard K.
Abstract:	Platelets and platelet enriched products have been widely studied for their roles in promoting cell proliferation, migration, and tissue regeneration, making them highly interesting for clinical applications such as traumatology, dental, orthopaedic, and plastic surgery. However, their clinical adoption remains limited, partly due to fragmented and inconsistent data. Previous reviews have explored various applications of PRP therapies, but no comprehensive work has systematically mapped their processing methods, treatment modalities, and applications alongside clinical outcomes. This review thus aims to provide a thorough analysis of platelet-rich products, including platelet-rich plasma and platelet lysate, critically assessing their therapeutic potential. Variability in factors such as platelet and leukocyte content, red blood cell contamination, and activation methods complicates the clinical implementation and standardization of plateletrich products. Herein, we examine platelet structure, function, and growth factors (e.g., PDGF, VEGF, and TGF-β) essential for tissue repair and regeneration, alongside manufacturing processes and isolation techniques impacting product quality. Additionally, we explore platelet recovery, activation strategies (chemical, physical, enzymatic), application forms, patient-related variables, and the immune-modulatory roles of platelets in inflammation, wound healing, and immune response regulation.
Keywords:	Platelets, Platelet Rich Plasma, Platelet Lysate, Wound Healing, Tissue Regeneration, Growth Factors
Source:	Acta Biomaterialia
ISSN:	1742-7061
Publisher:	Elsevier
Date:	23 July 2025
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2025.07.050
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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