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| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | The cellular and molecular cardiac tissue responses in human inflammatory cardiomyopathies after SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination |
| Creators: |
Maatz, H.  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9232-6272, Lindberg, E.L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-433X, Adami, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1813-6681, López-Anguita, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3373-7191, Perdomo-Sabogal, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-8963, Cócera Ortega, L., Patone, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7242-0341, Reichart, D., Myronova, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2886-2588, Schmidt, S., Elsanhoury, A., Klein, O., Kühl, U., Wyler, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9884-1806, Landthaler, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1075-8734, Yousefian, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0902-0369, Haas, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9227-2051, Kurth, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3807-473X, Teichmann, S.A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6294-6366, Oudit, G.Y., Milting, H., Noseda, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9553-5029, Seidman, J.G., Seidman, C.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3566, Heidecker, B., Sander, L.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0476-9947, Sawitzki, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8166-8579, Klingel, K., Doeblin, P., Kelle, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8105-6599, Van Linthout, S., Hubner, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1218-6223 and Tschöpe, C.
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| Abstract: | Myocarditis, characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, can have multiple etiologies, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or, rarely, mRNA-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing on left ventricular endomyocardial biopsies from patients with myocarditis unrelated to COVID-19 (Non-COVID-19), after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Post-COVID-19) and after COVID-19 vaccination (Post-Vaccination). We identified distinct cytokine expression patterns, with interferon-γ playing a key role in Post-COVID-19, and upregulated IL16 and IL18 expression serving as a hallmark of Post-Vaccination myocarditis. Although myeloid responses were similar across all groups, the Post-Vaccination group showed a higher proportion of CD4(+) T cells, and the Post-COVID-19 group exhibited an expansion of cytotoxic CD8(+) T and natural killer cells. Endothelial cells showed gene expression changes indicative of vascular barrier dysfunction in the Post-COVID-19 group and ongoing angiogenesis across all groups. These findings highlight shared and distinct mechanisms driving myocarditis in patients with and without a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. |
| Keywords: | BNT162 Vaccine, COVID-19 Vaccines, COVID-19, Cytokines, Myocarditis, Myocardium, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination |
| Source: | Nature Cardiovascular Research |
| ISSN: | 2731-0590 |
| Publisher: | Springer Nature |
| Volume: | 4 |
| Number: | 3 |
| Page Range: | 330-345 |
| Date: | March 2025 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s44161-025-00612-6 |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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