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Refined enterotyping reveals dysbiosis in global fecal metagenomes

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Item Type:Preprint
Title:Refined enterotyping reveals dysbiosis in global fecal metagenomes
Creators Name:Keller, Marisa Isabell, Nishijima, Suguru, Podlesny, Daniel, Kim, Chan Yeong, Robbani, Shahriyar Mahdi, Schudoma, Christian, Fullam, Anthony, Schiller, Jonas, Letunic, Ivica, Akanni, Wasiu, Orakov, Askarbek, Schmidt, Thomas Sebastian, Marotta, Federico, Telzerow, Anja, Hazenbrink, Diënty H.M., Hercog, Rajna, Kandels, Stefanie, Schierwagen, Robert, Klein, Sabine, Brol, Maximilian Joseph, Gu, Wenyi, Uschner, Frank Erhard, Papp, Maria, Laleman, Wim, Shawcross, Debbie, Conraad, Minneke J., Jalan, Rajiv, Holtz Thorhauge, Katrine, Johansen, Stine, Thiele, Maja, Krag, Aleksander, Trebicka, Jonel, Kuhn, Michael, Van Rossum, Thea and Bork, Peer
Abstract:Enterotypes describe human fecal microbiomes grouped by similarity into clusters of microbial community composition, often associated with disease, medications, diet, and lifestyle. Numbers and determinants of enterotypes have been derived by diverse frameworks and applied to cohorts that often lack diversity or inter-cohort comparability. To overcome these limitations, we selected 16,772 fecal metagenomes collected from 38 countries to revisit the enterotypes using state-of-the-art fuzzy clustering and found robust clustering regardless of underlying taxonomy, consistent with previous findings. Quantifying the strength of enterotype classifications enriched the enterotype landscape, also reflecting some continuity of microbial compositions. As the classification strength was associated with the patient’s health status, we established an “Enterotype Dysbiosis Score” (EDS) as a latent covariate for various diseases. This global study confirms the enterotypes, reveals a dysbiosis signal within the enterotype landscape, and enables robust classification of metagenomes with an online “Enterotyper” tool, allowing reproducible analysis in future studies.
Source:bioRxiv
Publisher:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Article Number:2024.08.13.607711v3
Date:23 September 2025
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.13.607711
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