Diagnostik der Neuromyelitis-optica-Spektrum-Erkrankung (NMOSD) und der MOG-Antikörper-assoziierten Erkrankung (MOGAD) [Diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and MOG Antibody-associated disease (MOGAD)]

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Item Type:	Review
Title:	Diagnostik der Neuromyelitis-optica-Spektrum-Erkrankung (NMOSD) und der MOG-Antikörper-assoziierten Erkrankung (MOGAD) [Diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and MOG Antibody-associated disease (MOGAD)]
Creators Name:	Mewes, D., Kuchling, J., Schindler, P., Khalil, A.A.A., Jarius, S., Paul, F. and Chien, C.
Abstract:	Aquaporin-4 antibody-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD; also termed MOG encephalomyelitis) are autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. The typical initial manifestations in adult patients are optic neuritis and myelitis. Patients often present with additional involvement of the brain and brainstem, more so in the later stages of the disease. While NMOSD commonly follows a relapsing course, MOGAD can sometimes be monophasic. Differential diagnosis is challenging and relies particularly on radiological and serological findings. It is very important to distinguish these rare diseases from the more common neuroinflammatory disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), since treatment and long-term prognoses for NMOSD, MOGAD and MS differ greatly. The diversity of the symptoms and the extent of the diagnostic work-up necessitate close collaboration between ophthalmology, neurology, and radiology. This article provides an overview of the typical MRI findings and serological antibody diagnostics for NMOSD and MOGAD, supplemented with two exemplary case reports from clinical practice.
Keywords:	Optic Neuritis, Myelitis, Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD), Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG), MOG Antibody-Associated Disorder (MOGAD), Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Serology, Autoantibodies, Diagnostics
Source:	Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
ISSN:	0023-2165
Publisher:	Thieme
Volume:	239
Number:	11
Page Range:	1315-1324
Date:	November 2022
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1918-1824
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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