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| Item Type: | Review |
|---|---|
| Title: | What is a β cell? - Chapter I in the Human Islet Research Network (HIRN) review series |
| Creators Name: | Kaestner, K.H., Campbell-Thompson, M., Dor, Y., Gill, R.G., Glaser, B., Kim, S.K., Sander, M., Stabler, C., Stewart, A.F. and Powers, A.C. |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: The pancreatic β cell, as the sole source of the vital hormone insulin, has been under intensive study for more than a century. Given the potential of newly created insulin-producing cells as a treatment or even cure of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and possibly in severe cases of type 2 diabetes (T2D), multiple academic and commercial laboratories are working to derive surrogate glucose-responsive, insulin-producing cells. SCOPE OF REVIEW: The recent development of advanced phenotyping technologies, including molecular, epigenomic, histological, or functional, have greatly improved our understanding of the critical properties of human β cells. Using this information, here we summarize the salient features of normal, fully functional adult human β cells, and propose minimal criteria for what should rightfully be termed 'β cells' as opposed to insulin-producing but not fully-functional surrogates that we propose should be referred to as 'β-like' cells or insulin-producing cells. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: Clear criteria can be established to differentiate fully functional, mature β cells from 'β-like' surrogates. In addition, we outline important knowledge gaps that must be addressed to enable a greater understanding of the β cell. |
| Keywords: | Beta Cell, Islet, Islet Transplantation, Diabetes |
| Source: | Molecular Metabolism |
| ISSN: | 2212-8778 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Volume: | 53 |
| Page Range: | 101323 |
| Date: | November 2021 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101323 |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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