Platelets recognize brain-specific glycolipid structures, respond to neurovascular damage and promote neuroinflammation

Sotnikov, I.; Veremeyko, T.; Starossom, S.C.; Barteneva, N.; Weiner, H.L.; Ponomarev, E.D.

Platelets recognize brain-specific glycolipid structures, respond to neurovascular damage and promote neuroinflammation

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Platelets recognize brain-specific glycolipid structures, respond to neurovascular damage and promote neuroinflammation
Creators Name:	Sotnikov, I., Veremeyko, T., Starossom, S.C., Barteneva, N., Weiner, H.L. and Ponomarev, E.D.
Abstract:	Platelets respond to vascular damage and contribute to inflammation, but their role in the neurodegenerative diseases is unknown. We found that the systemic administration of brain lipid rafts induced a massive platelet activation and degranulation resulting in a life-threatening anaphylactic-like response in mice. Platelets were engaged by the sialated glycosphingolipids (gangliosides) integrated in the rigid structures of astroglial and neuronal lipid rafts. The brain-abundant gangliosides GT1b and GQ1b were specifically recognized by the platelets and this recognition involved multiple receptors with P-selectin (CD62P) playing the central role. During the neuroinflammation, platelets accumulated in the central nervous system parenchyma, acquired an activated phenotype and secreted proinflammatory factors, thereby triggering immune response cascades. This study determines a new role of platelets which directly recognize a neuronal damage and communicate with the cells of the immune system in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
Keywords:	Anaphylaxis, Animal Disease Models, Astrocytes, Biological Transport, Blood Platelets, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain, Cell Degranulation, Cell Surface Receptors, Central Nervous System, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Gangliosides, Glycolipids, Inflammation, Membrane Microdomains, Neurons, Protein Binding, Animals, Mice
Source:	PLoS ONE
ISSN:	1932-6203
Publisher:	Public Library of Science
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Page Range:	e58979
Date:	March 2013
Additional Information:	Erratum in: PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58979
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058979
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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