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In vivo dissection of a clustered-CTCF domain boundary reveals developmental principles of regulatory insulation

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Item Type:Article
Title:In vivo dissection of a clustered-CTCF domain boundary reveals developmental principles of regulatory insulation
Creators Name:Anania, C., Acemel, R.D., Jedamzick, J., Bolondi, A., Cova, G., Brieske, N., Kühn, R., Wittler, L., Real, F.M. and Lupiáñez, D.G.
Abstract:Vertebrate genomes organize into topologically associating domains, delimited by boundaries that insulate regulatory elements from nontarget genes. However, how boundary function is established is not well understood. Here, we combine genome-wide analyses and transgenic mouse assays to dissect the regulatory logic of clustered-CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) boundaries in vivo, interrogating their function at multiple levels: chromatin interactions, transcription and phenotypes. Individual CTCF binding site (CBS) deletions revealed that the characteristics of specific sites can outweigh other factors such as CBS number and orientation. Combined deletions demonstrated that CBSs cooperate redundantly and provide boundary robustness. We show that divergent CBS signatures are not strictly required for effective insulation and that chromatin loops formed by nonconvergently oriented sites could be mediated by a loop interference mechanism. Further, we observe that insulation strength constitutes a quantitative modulator of gene expression and phenotypes. Our results highlight the modular nature of boundaries and their control over developmental processes.
Keywords:Binding Sites, CCCTC-Binding Factor, Chromatin, Chromosomes, Genome, Genome-Wide Association Study, Animals, Mice
Source:Nature Genetics
ISSN:1061-4036
Publisher:Nature Publishing Group
Volume:54
Number:7
Page Range:1026-1036
Date:July 2022
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-022-01117-9
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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