African naked mole-rats demonstrate extreme tolerance to hypoxia and hypercapnia

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	African naked mole-rats demonstrate extreme tolerance to hypoxia and hypercapnia
Creators Name:	Park, T.J., Smith, E.S.J., Reznick, J., Bennett, N.C., Applegate, D.T., Larson, J. and Lewin, G.R.
Abstract:	Naked mole-rats are extremely tolerant to low concentrations of oxygen (hypoxia) and high concentrations of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia), which is consistent with the environment that they inhabit. Naked mole-rats combine subterranean living with living in very densely populated colonies where oxygen becomes depleted and carbon dioxide accumulates. In the laboratory, naked mole-rats fully recover from 5 h exposure to 5% O(2) and 5 h exposure to 80% CO(2), whereas both conditions are rapidly lethal to similarly sized laboratory mice. During anoxia (0% O(2)) naked mole-rats enter a suspended animation-like state and switch from aerobic metabolism of glucose to anaerobic metabolism of fructose. Additional fascinating characteristics include that naked mole-rats show intrinsic brain tolerance to anoxia; a complete lack of hypoxia-induced and CO(2)-induced pulmonary edema; and reduced aversion to high concentrations of CO(2) and acidic fumes. Here we outline a constellation of physiological and molecular adaptations that correlate with the naked mole-rat’s hypoxic/hypercapnic tolerance and which offer potential targets for ameliorating pathological conditions in humans, such as the damage caused during cerebral ischemia.
Keywords:	Physiological Adaptation, Hypercapnia, Hypoxia, Oxygen, Animals, Mice, Mole Rats
Source:	Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Series Name:	Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Title of Book:	The Extraordinary Biology of the Naked Mole-Rat
ISSN:	0065-2598
ISBN:	978-3-030-65943-1
Publisher:	Springer
Volume:	1319
Number:	1319
Page Range:	255-269
Number of Pages:	445
Date:	24 August 2021
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65943-1_9
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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