Implication of mammalian ribosomal protein S3 in the processing of DNA damage

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Implication of mammalian ribosomal protein S3 in the processing of DNA damage
Creators Name:	Kim, J., Chubatsu, L.S., Admon, A., Stahl, J., Fellous, R. and Linn, S.
Abstract:	A human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease activity, called AP endonuclease I, is missing from or altered specifically in cells cultured from Xeroderma pigmentosum group-D individuals (XP-D cells) (Kuhnlein, U., Lee, B., Penhoet, E. E., and Linn, S. (1978) Nucleic Acids Res. 5,951-960). We have now observed that another nuclease activity, UV endonuclease III, is similarly not detected in XP-D cells and is inseparable from the AP endonuclease I activity. This activity preferentially cleaves the phosphodiester backbone of heavily ultraviolet-irradiated DNA at unknown lesions as well as at one of the phosphodiester bonds within a cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer. The nuclease activities have been purified from mouse cells to yield a peptide of M(r) = 32,000, whose sequence indicates identity with ribosomal protein S3. The nuclease activities all cross-react with immunopurified antibody directed against authentic rat ribosomal protein S3, and, upon expression in Escherichia coli of a cloned rat cDNA for ribosomal protein S3, each of the activities was recovered and was indistinguishable from those of the mammalian UV endonuclease III. Moreover, the protein expressed in E. coli and its activities cross-react with the rat protein antibody. Ribosomal protein S3 contains a potential nuclear localization signal, and the protein isolated as a nuclease also has a glycosylation pattern consistent with a nuclear localization as determined by lectin binding. The unexpected role of a ribosomal protein in DNA damage processing and the unexplained inability to detect the nuclease activities in extracts from XP-D cells are discussed.
Keywords:	Amino Acid Sequence, Cultured Cells, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase, Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced), Endodeoxyribonucleases, Escherichia Coli Proteins, Lyases, Molecular Sequence Data, Multienzyme Complexes, N-Glycosyl Hydrolases, Pyrimidine Dimers, Ribosomal Proteins, Substrate Specificity, Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Source:	Journal of Biological Chemistry
ISSN:	0021-9258
Publisher:	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Volume:	270
Number:	23
Page Range:	13620-13629
Date:	9 June 1995
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.270.23.13620
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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