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Astrocyte-derived Wnt growth factors are required for endothelial blood-brain barrier maintenance

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Item Type:Review
Title:Astrocyte-derived Wnt growth factors are required for endothelial blood-brain barrier maintenance
Creators Name:Guérit, S., Fidan, E., Macas, J., Czupalla, C.J., Figueiredo, R., Vijikumar, A., Yalcin, B.H., Thom, S., Winter, P., Gerhardt, H., Devraj, K. and Liebner, S.
Abstract:Maintenance of the endothelial blood-brain-barrier (BBB) through Wnt/β-catenin signalling is essential for neuronal function. The cells however, providing Wnt growth factors at the adult neurovascular unit (NVU) are poorly explored. Here we show by conditionally knocking out the evenness interrupted (Evi) gene in astrocytes (Evi(ΔAC)) that astrocytic Wnt release is crucial for BBB and NVU integrity. Evi(ΔAC) mice developed brain oedema and increased vascular tracer leakage. While brain vascularization and endothelial junctions were not altered in 10 and 40 week-old mice, endothelial caveolin(Cav)-1-mediated vesicle formation was increased in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, astrocytic end-feet were swollen, and aquaporin-4 distribution was disturbed, coinciding with decreased astrocytic Wnt activity. Vascular permeability correlated with increased neuronal activation by c-fos staining, indicative of altered neuronal function. Astrocyte-derived Wnts thus serve to maintain Wnt/β-catenin activity in endothelia and in astrocytes, thereby controlling Cav-1 expression, vesicular abundance, and end-feet integrity at the NVU.
Keywords:Wnt-Signalling, Blood-Brain Barrier, Astrocytes, Neuro-Vascular Unit, Barrier Maintenance, Caveolae, Animals, Mice
Source:Progress in Neurobiology
ISSN:0301-0082
Publisher:Elsevier
Volume:199
Page Range:101937
Date:April 2021
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101937
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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