Current and emerging biologics for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

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Item Type:	Review
Title:	Current and emerging biologics for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Creators Name:	Duchow, A., Paul, F. and Bellmann-Strobl, J.
Abstract:	INTRODUCTION: Treatment options for patients suffering from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) so far have relied on off-label and empiric drugs. A first drug for the therapy of anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody seropositive NMOSD patients has been approved in 2019: the C5 complement inhibitor eculizumab. The interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor satralizumab and anti-CD19 antibody inebilizumab have published positive phase III trial results and await approval in the near future. AREAS COVERED: We sum up current treatment options and portray in detail the new developments in NMOSD drugs focusing on phase III clinical trials, followed by an overview of emerging drugs in less advanced clinical trial stages. EXPERT OPINION: Eculizumab's approval by the competent authorities marks a milestone in NMOSD treatment. Satralizumab and inebilizumab will most likely follow in approval given their presented results in efficacy and safety. All 3 drugs have shown efficacy in reducing relapse rates in NMOSD patients with anti-AQP4 antibodies. Although we will have even more evidence-based therapy options in the future, empirically used medications will keep their importance for now. The potential effect of new medications in AQP4 antibody seronegative NMOSD and patients with an NMOSD phenotype and antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) remains to be determined.
Keywords:	NMOSD, Clincial Trials, Eculizumab, Satralizumab, Inebilizumab
Source:	Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
ISSN:	1471-2598
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Volume:	20
Number:	9
Page Range:	1061-1072
Date:	September 2020
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1080/14712598.2020.1749259
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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