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Intestinal microbiome is related to lifetime antibiotic use in Finnish pre-school children.

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Item Type:Article
Title:Intestinal microbiome is related to lifetime antibiotic use in Finnish pre-school children.
Creators Name:Korpela, K., Salonen, A., Virta, L.J., Kekkonen, R.A., Forslund, K., Bork, P. and de Vos, W.M.
Abstract:Early-life antibiotic use is associated with increased risk for metabolic and immunological diseases, and mouse studies indicate a causal role of the disrupted microbiome. However, little is known about the impacts of antibiotics on the developing microbiome of children. Here we use phylogenetics, metagenomics and individual antibiotic purchase records to show that macrolide use in 2-7 year-old Finnish children (N=142; sampled at two time points) is associated with a long-lasting shift in microbiota composition and metabolism. The shift includes depletion of Actinobacteria, increase in Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, decrease in bile-salt hydrolase and increase in macrolide resistance. Furthermore, macrolide use in early life is associated with increased risk of asthma and predisposes to antibiotic-associated weight gain. Overweight and asthmatic children have distinct microbiota compositions. Penicillins leave a weaker mark on the microbiota than macrolides. Our results support the idea that, without compromising clinical practice, the impact on the intestinal microbiota should be considered when prescribing antibiotics.
Keywords:Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Bacterial Infections, Cohort Studies, Medical Day Care, Feces, Finland, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Macrolides
Source:Nature Communications
ISSN:2041-1723
Publisher:Nature Publishing Group
Volume:7
Page Range:10410
Date:26 January 2016
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10410
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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