Relief of hypoxia by angiogenesis promotes neural stem cell differentiation by targeting glycolysis

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Relief of hypoxia by angiogenesis promotes neural stem cell differentiation by targeting glycolysis
Creators Name:	Lange, C., Turrero Garcia, M., Decimo, I., Bifari, F., Eelen, G., Quaegebeur, A., Boon, R., Zhao, H., Boeckx, B., Chang, J., Wu, C., le Noble, F., Lambrechts, D., Dewerchin, M., Kuo, C.J., Huttner, W.B. and Carmeliet, P.
Abstract:	Blood vessels are part of the stem cell niche in the developing cerebral cortex, but their in vivo role in controlling the expansion and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in development has not been studied. Here, we report that relief of hypoxia in the developing cerebral cortex by ingrowth of blood vessels temporo-spatially coincided with NSC differentiation. Selective perturbation of brain angiogenesis in vessel-specific Gpr124 null embryos, which prevented the relief from hypoxia, increased NSC expansion at the expense of differentiation. Conversely, exposure to increased oxygen levels rescued NSC differentiation in Gpr124 null embryos and increased it further in WT embryos, suggesting that niche blood vessels regulate NSC differentiation at least in part by providing oxygen. Consistent herewith, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α levels controlled the switch of NSC expansion to differentiation. Finally, we provide evidence that high glycolytic activity of NSCs is required to prevent their precocious differentiation in vivo. Thus, blood vessel function is required for efficient NSC differentiation in the developing cerebral cortex by providing oxygen and possibly regulating NSC metabolism.
Keywords:	Hypoxia, Neural Stem Cell, Neurogenesis, Stem Cell Metabolism, Vascular Niche, Animals, Mice
Source:	EMBO Journal
ISSN:	0261-4189
Publisher:	EMBO Press / Wiley
Volume:	35
Number:	9
Page Range:	924-941
Date:	2 May 2016
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.201592372
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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