Optogenetic acidification of synaptic vesicles and lysosomes

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Optogenetic acidification of synaptic vesicles and lysosomes
Creators Name:	Rost, B.R., Schneider, F., Grauel, M.K., Wozny, C., Bentz, C.G., Blessing, A., Rosenmund, T., Jentsch, T.J., Schmitz, D., Hegemann, P. and Rosenmund, C.
Abstract:	Acidification is required for the function of many intracellular organelles, but methods to acutely manipulate their intraluminal pH have not been available. Here we present a targeting strategy to selectively express the light-driven proton pump Arch3 on synaptic vesicles. Our new tool, pHoenix, can functionally replace endogenous proton pumps, enabling optogenetic control of vesicular acidification and neurotransmitter accumulation. Under physiological conditions, glutamatergic vesicles are nearly full, as additional vesicle acidification with pHoenix only slightly increased the quantal size. By contrast, we found that incompletely filled vesicles exhibited a lower release probability than full vesicles, suggesting preferential exocytosis of vesicles with high transmitter content. Our subcellular targeting approach can be transferred to other organelles, as demonstrated for a pHoenix variant that allows light-activated acidification of lysosomes.
Keywords:	Endocytosis, Neurotransmitters, Optogenetics, Transporters In The Nervous System, Animals, Mice, Rats
Source:	Nature Neuroscience
ISSN:	1097-6256
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
Volume:	18
Number:	12
Page Range:	1845-1852
Date:	December 2015
Additional Information:	Copyright © 2015 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4161
External Fulltext:	View full text on PubMed Central
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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