Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D, but not the bioavailable fraction of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D, but not the bioavailable fraction of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis
Creators Name:	Behrens, J.R., Rasche, L., Giess, R.M., Pfuhl, C., Wakonig, K., Freitag, E., Deuschle, K., Bellmann-Strobl, J., Paul, F., Ruprecht, K. and Doerr, J.
Abstract:	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels correlate with higher disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, it is not clear whether low 25(OH)D levels directly contribute to increased disease activity or merely represent a consequence of reduced endogenous vitamin D synthesis in more disabled MS patients. Furthermore, recent data suggest that bioavailable vitamin D, which also integrates the levels of vitamin D binding proteins and albumin, could be a biologically more relevant parameter than 25(OH)D. METHODS: Measured de-seasonalized 25(OH)D3 and vitamin D binding protein and calculated bioavailable and free vitamin D were compared in the baseline serum samples of 76 patients with clinically isolated syndrome enrolled in a longitudinal observational study and in 76 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). RESULTS: 25(OH)D3 levels were lower in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (P = 0.002) than in HC, and more patients (8/76, 10.5%) than HC (1/76, 1.3%) had 25(OH)D3 levels <25 nmol/l (P = 0.03). In contrast, levels of 25(OH)D2, vitamin D binding protein and calculated levels of free and bioavailable vitamin D did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Lower 25(OH)D3 levels already in the earliest phase of disease and in clinically hardly affected patients suggest that low 25(OH)D3 levels are rather a risk factor for than a consequence of MS. Nevertheless, because bioavailable vitamin D levels did not differ between the two groups, the mechanism underlying the association of 25(OH)D3 and MS does not appear to be related to reduced bioavailability of vitamin D.
Keywords:	Bioavailable Vitamin D, Clinically Isolated Syndrome, 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Multiple Sclerosis, Risk Factor, Vitamin D Binding Protein
Source:	European Journal of Neurology
ISSN:	1351-5101
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
Volume:	23
Number:	1
Page Range:	62-67
Date:	January 2016
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.12788
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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