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| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Effect of different omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios on the formation of monohydroxylated fatty acids in THP-1 derived macrophages |
| Creators Name: | Keeren, K., Huang, D., Smyl, C., Fischer, A., Rothe, M. and Weylandt, K.H. |
| Abstract: | Omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 and n-3 PUFA) can modulate inflammatory processes. In western diets, the content of n-6 PUFA is much higher than that of n-3 PUFA, which has been suggested to promote a pro-inflammatory phenotype. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of modulating the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on the formation of monohydroxylated fatty acid (HO-FAs) derived from the n-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA) and the n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in THP-1 macrophages by means of LC-MS. Lipid metabolites were measured in THP-1 macrophage cell pellets. The concentration of AA-derived hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) was not significantly changed when incubated THP-1 macrophages in a high AA/(EPA+DHA) ratio of 19/1 vs. a low ratio AA/(EPA+DHA) of 1/1 (950.6 +/- 110 ng/mg vs. 648.2 +/- 92.4 ng/mg, p = 0.103). Correspondingly, the concentration of EPA-derived hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acids (HEPEs) and DHA-derived hydroxydocosahexaenoic acids (HDHAs) were significantly increased (63.9 +/- 7.8 ng/mg vs. 434.4 +/- 84.3 ng/mg, p = 0.012 and 84.9 +/- 18.3 ng/mg vs. 439.4 +/- 82.7 ng/mg, p = 0.014, respectively). Most notable was the strong increase of 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) formation in THP-1 macrophages, with levels of 170.9 +/- 40.2 ng/mg protein in the high n-3 PUFA treated cells. Thus our data indicate that THP-1 macrophages prominently utilize EPA and DHA for monohydroxylated metabolite formation, in particular 18-HEPE, which has been shown to be released by macrophages to prevent pressure overload-induced maladaptive cardiac remodeling. |
| Keywords: | Omega-3, Omega-6, LC/ESI-MS/MS, Lipid Mediators, THP-1 Macrophages, 17-HDHA, 18-HEPE, 14-HDHA, HETE, HEPE, HDHA, Animals, Mice |
| Source: | Biology |
| ISSN: | 2079-7737 |
| Publisher: | MDPI |
| Volume: | 4 |
| Number: | 2 |
| Page Range: | 314-326 |
| Date: | 9 April 2015 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.3390/biology4020314 |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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