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| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Lipopolysaccharide injection induces relapses of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in nontransgenic mice via bystander activation of autoreactive CD4+ cells |
| Creators Name: | Nogai, A., Siffrin, V., Bonhagen, K., Pfueller, C.F., Hohnstein, T., Volkmer-Engert, R., Brueck, W., Stadelmann, C. and Kamradt, T. |
| Abstract: | Infections sometimes associate with exacerbations of autoimmune diseases through pathways that are poorly understood. Ag-specific mechanisms such as cross-reactivity between a microbial Ag and a self-Ag have received no direct support. In this study, we show that injection of LPS induces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in TCR-transgenic mice and relapse of encephalomyelitis in normal mice. This form of treatment induces proliferation and cytokine production in a fraction of effector/memory Th lymphocytes in vitro via physical contact of Th cells with CD4(-) LPS-responsive cells. TCR-mediated signals are not necessary; rather what is required is ligation of costimulatory receptors on Th cells by costimulatory molecules on the CD4(-) cells. This form of bystander activation provides an Ag-independent link between infection and autoimmunity that might fit the clinical and epidemiological data on the connection between infection and autoimmunity better than the Ag-specific models. |
| Keywords: | Amino Acid Sequence, Bystander Effect, CD Antigens, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD80 Antigens, CD86 Antigens, Cell Communication, Cultured Cells, Cyclosporine, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocytes, Inbred C57BL Mice, Intravenous Injections, Knockout Mice, Lipopolysaccharides, Lymphocyte Activation, Membrane Glycoproteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Recurrence, Salmonella typhimurium, Transgenic Mice, Animals, Mice |
| Source: | Journal of Immunology |
| ISSN: | 0022-1767 |
| Publisher: | American Association of Immunologists |
| Volume: | 175 |
| Number: | 2 |
| Page Range: | 959-966 |
| Date: | 15 July 2005 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.175.2.959 |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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