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Analysis of intron sequences reveals hallmarks of circular RNA biogenesis in animals

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Item Type:Article
Title:Analysis of intron sequences reveals hallmarks of circular RNA biogenesis in animals
Creators Name:Ivanov, A., Memczak, S., Wyler, E., Torti, F., Porath, H.T., Orejuela, M.R., Piechotta, M., Levanon, E.Y., Landthaler, M., Dieterich, C. and Rajewsky, N.
Abstract:Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large class of animal RNAs. To investigate possible circRNA functions, it is important to understand circRNA biogenesis. Besides human ALU repeats, sequence features that promote exon circularization are largely unknown. We experimentally identified circRNAs in C. elegans. Reverse complementary sequences between introns bracketing circRNAs were significantly enriched in comparison to linear controls. By scoring the presence of reverse complementary sequences in human introns, we predicted and experimentally validated circRNAs. We show that introns bracketing circRNAs are highly enriched in RNA editing or hyperediting events. Knockdown of the double-strand RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1 significantly and specifically upregulated circRNA expression. Together, our data support a model of animal circRNA biogenesis in which competing RNA-RNA interactions of introns form larger structures that promote circularization of embedded exons, whereas ADAR1 antagonizes circRNA expression by melting stems within these interactions.
Keywords:Adenosine Deaminase, Base Sequence, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins, Genetic Models, HEK293 Cells, Introns, RNA, RNA Editing, RNA Interference, RNA-Binding Proteins, Small Interfering RNA, Up-Regulation, Animals, Caenorhabditis elegans
Source:Cell Reports
ISSN:2211-1247
Publisher:Cell Press / Elsevier
Volume:10
Number:2
Page Range:170-177
Date:13 January 2015
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2014.12.019
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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