Dietary insulin load, dietary insulin index, and risk of pancreatic cancer

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Dietary insulin load, dietary insulin index, and risk of pancreatic cancer
Creators Name:	Bao, Y., Nimptsch, K., Wolpin, B.M., Michaud, D.S., Brand-Miller, J.C., Willett, W.C., Giovannucci, E. and Fuchs, C.S.
Abstract:	BACKGROUND: Although hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance have been hypothesized to be involved in pancreatic carcinogenesis, studies that have examined glycemic load or individual dietary components that influence glucose concentrations yielded inconclusive results. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate whether dietary insulin load and dietary insulin index are associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer. DESIGN: We prospectively followed 86,740 women and 46,147 men who were free of cancer and diabetes at baseline in the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. During </=26 y of follow-up, 691 pancreatic cancer cases were documented. Dietary insulin load was calculated as a function of the food insulin index, and the energy content of individual foods was reported on food-frequency questionnaires. The dietary insulin index was calculated by dividing the dietary insulin load by the total energy intake. RESULTS: Dietary insulin load and dietary insulin index were not associated with the overall risk of pancreatic cancer. In a comparison of the highest with the lowest quintiles, the pooled multivariate RRs of pancreatic cancer were 1.05 (95% CI: 0.82, 1.34) for dietary insulin load and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.75, 1.23) for dietary insulin index. In individuals with an elevated BMI (in kg/m(2); >/=27.5) or with low physical activity, a high insulin load was associated with small, nonsignificant increases in the risk of pancreatic cancer; in a comparison of the highest with the lowest tertile of intake, the positive association became more apparent in those who were both overweight and inactive (RR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.93; P-trend = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: A diet that induces an elevated postprandial insulin response does not influence the overall risk of pancreatic cancer. However, a diet with a high insulin load may increase the risk in individuals with a preexisting state of insulin resistance.
Keywords:	Carbohydrate Metabolism, Dietary Carbohydrates, Energy Intake, Incidence, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Postprandial Period, Prospective Studies, Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Sedentary Lifestyle
Source:	American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
ISSN:	0002-9165
Publisher:	American Society for Nutrition
Volume:	94
Number:	3
Page Range:	862-868
Date:	September 2011
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.011205
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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