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MicroRNA, mRNA, and protein expression link development and aging in human and macaque brain

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Item Type:Article
Title:MicroRNA, mRNA, and protein expression link development and aging in human and macaque brain
Creators Name:Somel, M., Guo, S., Fu, N., Yan, Z., Hu, H.Y., Xu, Y., Yuan, Y., Ning, Z., Hu, Y., Menzel, C., Hu, H., Lachmann, M., Zeng, R., Chen, W. and Khaitovich, P.
Abstract:Changes in gene expression levels determine differentiation of tissues involved in development and are associated with functional decline in aging. Although development is tightly regulated, the transition between development and aging, as well as regulation of post-developmental changes, are not well understood. Here, we measured messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and protein expression in the prefrontal cortex of humans and rhesus macaques over the species' life spans. We find that few gene expression changes are unique to aging. Instead, the vast majority of miRNA and gene expression changes that occur in aging represent reversals or extensions of developmental patterns. Surprisingly, many gene expression changes previously attributed to aging, such as down-regulation of neural genes, initiate in early childhood. Our results indicate that miRNA and transcription factors regulate not only developmental but also post-developmental expression changes, with a number of regulatory processes continuing throughout the entire life span. Differential evolutionary conservation of the corresponding genomic regions implies that these regulatory processes, although beneficial in development, might be detrimental in aging. These results suggest a direct link between developmental regulation and expression changes taking place in aging.
Keywords:Aging, Brain, Developmental Gene Expression Regulation, Macaca, Messenger RNA, MicroRNAs, Molecular Evolution, Proteins, RNA Stability, Animals
Source:Genome Research
ISSN:1088-9051
Publisher:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Volume:20
Number:9
Page Range:1207-1218
Date:September 2010
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.106849.110
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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