Adipocyte-derived factors suppress heart contraction

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	Adipocyte-derived factors suppress heart contraction
Creators Name:	Look, C., Morano, I., Ehrhart-Bornstein, M., Bornstein, S.R. and Lamounier-Zepter, V.
Abstract:	Background: Obesity is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases including systemic hypertension, coronary artery disease and heart failure. Despite several investigations the pathophysiological mechanisms involved remain unclear. We have previously shown that adipose tissue exerts a highly potent activity with an acute depressant effect on cardiomyocytes, thus suggesting direct involvement of adipose tissue in the development of heart dysfunction. Objective and Design: This study investigates the effects of adipocyte factors obtained from subcutaneous adipose tissue on the whole cardiac function by using isolated perfused rat hearts in a Langendorff mode. We recorded changes in coronary flow, developed isovolumetric left ventricular pressure, contraction rate and relaxation rate. Results: We observed a significant decrease in heart contractility parameters as well as in coronary flow within a few seconds of incubation with adipocyte factors. The cardiodepressant effects could not be blocked by the nonselective cyclooxygenase-inhibitor indomethacin. Human adipocytes release tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1beta into extracellular medium. These cytokines were tested for their potential effect but were, however, not responsible for the cardiodepressant effect observed. Conclusion: These data indicate that human adipocytes secrete factors with a strong acute depressant effect on cardiac force generation and coronary flow due to contraction of the coronary vessels, thus suggesting a direct role of adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction.
Keywords:	Cardiodepressant Activity, Metabolic Syndrome, Heart Failure, Animals, Rats
Source:	International Journal of Obesity
ISSN:	0307-0565
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
Volume:	35
Number:	1
Page Range:	84-90
Date:	January 2011
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2010.121
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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