Branched-chain amino acid catabolism rather than amino acids plasma concentrations is associated with diet-induced changes in insulin resistance in overweight to obese individuals

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Branched-chain amino acid catabolism rather than amino acids plasma concentrations is associated with diet-induced changes in insulin resistance in overweight to obese individuals
Creators Name:	Haufe, S. and Engeli, S. and Kaminski, J. and Witt, H. and Rein, D. and Kamlage, B. and Utz, W. and Fuhrmann, J.C. and Haas, V. and Mähler, A. and Schulz-Menger, J. and Luft, F.C. and Boschmann, M. and Jordan, J.
Abstract:	BACKGROUND & AIMS: 3-Hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB), a catabolic intermediate of the BCAA valine, which stimulates muscle fatty acid uptake, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. We tested the hypothesis that circulating 3-HIB herald insulin resistance and that metabolic improvement with weight loss are related to changes in BCAAs and 3-HIB. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed plasma and urine in 109 overweight to obese individuals before and after six months on hypocaloric diets reduced in either carbohydrates or fat. We calculated the homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR) and whole body insulin sensitivity from oral glucose tolerance tests and measured intramyocellular fat by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. BCAAs and 3-HIB plasma concentrations were inversely related to insulin sensitivity but not to intramyocellular fat content at baseline. With 7.4 +/- 4.5% weight loss mean BCAA and 3-HIB plasma concentrations did not change, irrespective of dietary macronutrient content. Individual changes in 3-HIB with 6-month diet but not BCAAs were correlated to the change in whole body insulin sensitivity and HOMA-IR independently of BMI changes. CONCLUSIONS: 3-HIB relates to insulin sensitivity but is not associated with intramyocellular fat content in overweight to obese individuals. Moreover, changes in 3-HIB rather than changes in BCAAs are associated with metabolic improvements with weight loss. Registration number for clinical trials: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00956566.
Keywords:	Insulin Sensitivity, Intramyocellular Fat, Weight Loss
Source:	Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
ISSN:	0939-4753
Publisher:	Elsevier
Volume:	27
Number:	10
Page Range:	858-864
Date:	October 2017
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2017.07.001
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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