Paternal diet defines offspring chromatin state and intergenerational obesity

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Paternal diet defines offspring chromatin state and intergenerational obesity
Creators Name:	Öst, A. and Lempradl, A. and Casas, E. and Weigert, M. and Tiko, T. and Deniz, M. and Pantano, L. and Boenisch, U. and Itskov, P.M. and Stoeckius, M. and Ruf, M. and Rajewsky, N. and Reuter, G. and Iovino, N. and Ribeiro, C. and Alenius, M. and Heyne, S. and Vavouri, T. and Pospisilik, J.A.
Abstract:	The global rise in obesity has revitalized a search for genetic and epigenetic factors underlying the disease. We present a Drosophila model of paternal-diet-induced intergenerational metabolic reprogramming (IGMR) and identify genes required for its encoding in offspring. Intriguingly, we find that as little as 2 days of dietary intervention in fathers elicits obesity in offspring. Paternal sugar acts as a physiological suppressor of variegation, desilencing chromatin-state-defined domains in both mature sperm and in offspring embryos. We identify requirements for H3K9/K27me3-dependent reprogramming of metabolic genes in two distinct germline and zygotic windows. Critically, we find evidence that a similar system may regulate obesity susceptibility and phenotype variation in mice and humans. The findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying intergenerational metabolic reprogramming and carry profound implications for our understanding of phenotypic variation and evolution.
Keywords:	Animal Disease Models, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Diet, Eye Color, Genetic Epigenesis, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Heterochromatin, Nonmammalian Embryo, Obesity, Spermatozoa, Animals, Drosophila melanogaster, Mice
Source:	Cell
ISSN:	0092-8674
Publisher:	Cell Press
Volume:	159
Number:	6
Page Range:	1352-1364
Date:	4 December 2014
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.11.005
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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