Influence of dietary fat intake on the endocannabinoid system in lean and obese subjects

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Influence of dietary fat intake on the endocannabinoid system in lean and obese subjects
Creators Name:	Engeli, S. and Lehmann, A.C. and Kaminski, J. and Haas, V. and Janke, J. and Zoerner, A.A. and Luft, F.C. and Tsikas, D. and Jordan, J.
Abstract:	Objective: Endocannabinoid system activation promotes obesity-associated metabolic disease. We hypothesized that increased dietary fat intake increases blood endocannabinoids and alters adipose and skeletal muscle endocannabinoid system gene expression in man. Design and Methods: We compared two weeks isocaloric low and high-fat diets in obese (n=12) and normal-weight (n=17) subjects in a randomized cross-over study. Blood endocannabinoids were measured in the fasting condition and after food intake by mass spectrometry. Adipose and skeletal muscle gene expression was determined by real-time RT-PCR. Results: Baseline fasting plasma endocannabinoids were similar with both diets. Anandamide decreased similarly with high or low-fat test meals in both groups. Baseline arachidonoylglycerol plasma concentrations were similar between groups and diets, and unresponsive to eating. In subcutaneous adipose tissue, DAGL-α mRNA was up-regulated and FAAH and MAGL mRNAs were down-regulated in obese subjects, but the diets had no influence. In contrast, the high-fat diet produced pronounced reductions in skeletal muscle CB1-R and MAGL mRNA expression whereas obesity did not affect muscular gene expression. Conclusions: Weight-neutral changes in dietary fat intake cannot explain excessive endocannabinoid availability in human obesity. Obesity and dietary fat intake affect endocannabinoid system gene expression in a tissue-specific manner.
Keywords:	Amidohydrolases, Arachidonic Acids, Blood Glucose, CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor, Cross-Over Studies, Dietary Fats, Down-Regulation, Endocannabinoids, Fasting, HDL Cholesterol, High-Fat Diet, Intervention Studies, LDL Cholesterol, Lipoprotein Lipase, Messenger RNA, Monoacylglycerol Lipases, Obesity, Polyunsaturated Alkamides, Skeletal Muscle, Subcutaneous Fat, Thinness, Triglycerides, Up-Regulation, Young Adult
Source:	Obesity
ISSN:	1930-7381
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
Volume:	22
Number:	5
Page Range:	E70-E76
Date:	May 2014
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20728
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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