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Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and direct renin inhibition improve electrical remodeling in a model of high human renin hypertension

Item Type:Article
Title:Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and direct renin inhibition improve electrical remodeling in a model of high human renin hypertension
Creators Name:Fischer, R. and Dechend, R. and Qadri, F. and Markovic, M. and Feldt, S. and Herse, F. and Park, J.K. and Gapelyuk, A. and Schwarz, I. and Zacharzowsky, U.B. and Plehm, R. and Safak, E. and Heuser, A. and Schirdewan, A. and Luft, F.C. and Schunck, W.H. and Mueller, D.N.
Abstract:We compared the effect n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with direct renin inhibition on electrophysiological remodeling in angiotensin II-induced cardiac injury. We treated double-transgenic rats expressing the human renin and angiotensinogen genes (dTGRs) from week 4 to 7 with n-3 PUFA ethyl-esters (Omacor; 25-g/kg diet) or a direct renin inhibitor (aliskiren; 3 mg/kg per day). Sprague-Dawley rats were controls. We performed electrocardiographic, magnetocardiographic, and programmed electrical stimulation. Dietary n-3 PUFAs increased the cardiac content of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid. At week 7, mortality in dTGRs was 31%, whereas none of the n-3 PUFA- or aliskiren-treated dTGRs died. Systolic blood pressure was modestly reduced in n-3 PUFA-treated (180+/-3 mm Hg) compared with dTGRs (208+/-5 mm Hg). Aliskiren-treated dTGRs and Sprague-Dawley rats were normotensive (110+/-3 and 119+/-6 mm Hg, respectively). Both n-3 PUFA-treated and untreated dTGRs showed cardiac hypertrophy and increased atrial natriuretic peptide levels. Prolonged QRS and QT(c) intervals and increased T-wave dispersion in dTGRs were reduced by n-3 PUFAs or aliskiren. Both treatments reduced arrhythmia induction from 75% in dTGRs to 17% versus 0% in Sprague-Dawley rats. Macrophage infiltration and fibrosis were reduced by n-3 PUFAs and aliskiren. Connexin 43, a mediator of intermyocyte conduction, was redistributed to the lateral cell membranes in dTGRs. n-3 PUFAs and aliskiren restored normal localization to the intercalated disks. Thus, n-3 PUFAs and aliskiren improved electrical remodeling, arrhythmia induction, and connexin 43 expression, despite a 70-mm Hg difference in blood pressure and the development of cardiac hypertrophy.
Keywords:Angiotensin II, Renin inhibition, n-3 PUFA, Arrhythmias, Magnetocardiography, Animals, Rats
Source:Hypertension
ISSN:0194-911X
Publisher:American Heart Association
Volume:51
Number:2
Page Range:540-546
Date:February 2008
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.103143
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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