Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein is necessary for the internalization of both tissue-type plasminogen activator- inhibitor complexes and free tissue-type plasminogen activator

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein is necessary for the internalization of both tissue-type plasminogen activator- inhibitor complexes and free tissue-type plasminogen activator
Creators Name:	Orth, K. and Willnow, T.E. and Herz, J. and Gething, M.J. and Sambrook, J.
Abstract:	Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is used as a thrombolytic agent in treatment of myocardial infarction. However, large doses of this agent must be administered in treatment to maintain a thrombolytic state because t-PA is cleared rapidly from circulation. We designed specific ligands to distinguish between two major mechanisms by which t-PA is taken into cells and degraded. One of these mechanisms involves internalization of complexes between t-PA and its cognate inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1); the other mechanism is independent of PAI-1. Using specific inhibitors for low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein/alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor (LRP), we show that the degradation by hepatocytes of both free t-PA and t-PA.PAI-1 complexes involve the receptor LRP. We demonstrate that fibroblasts degrade both free t-PA (PAI-1-independent) and t-PA complexed with its specific inhibitor PAI-1 (PAI-1-dependent), whereas genetically altered fibroblasts that do not express LRP neither internalize nor degrade these ligands. We also show that a PAI-1-independent, t-PA ligand can inhibit the degradation of both free t-PA and t-PA.PAI-1 complexes. We propose LRP is the receptor for both PAI-1-independent and PAI-1-dependent t-PA ligands.
Keywords:	Amino Acid Sequence, Cell Line, Epidermal Growth Factor, Glutathione Transferase, Haplorhini, Immunoglobulin G, LDL-Receptor Related Protein 1, Ligands, Liver, Molecular Sequence Data, Plasminogen Inactivators, Immunologic Receptors, LDL Receptors, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Tissue Plasminogen Activator, Cultured Tumor Cells, Animals, Mice, Rats, Monkeys
Source:	Journal of Biological Chemistry
ISSN:	0021-9258
Publisher:	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Volume:	269
Number:	33
Page Range:	21117-21122
Date:	19 August 1994
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31937-3
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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