Preoperative hyperthermia combined with radiochemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a phase II clinical trial

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Preoperative hyperthermia combined with radiochemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a phase II clinical trial
Creators Name:	Rau, B. and Wust, P. and Hohenberger, P. and Loeffel, J. and Huenerbein, M. and Below, C. and Gellermann, J. and Speidel, A. and Vogl, T. and Riess, H. and Felix, R. and Schlag, P.M.
Abstract:	OBJECTIVE: A prospective phase II study was performed to determine the feasibility and efficacy in terms of response rate, resectability, and morbidity in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received preoperative regional hyperthermia combined with radiochemotherapy (HRCT). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Recent studies suggest that preoperative radiochemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer can induce downstaging, but after resection the incidence of local recurrences remains high. Hyperthermia (HT) may add tumoricidal effects and improve the efficacy of radiochemotherapy in a trimodal approach. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with histologically proven rectal cancer and T3 or T4 lesions, as determined by endorectal ultrasound and computed tomography, entered the trial. 5-Fluorouracil (300-350 mg/m2) and leucovorin (50 mg) were administered on days 1 to 5 and 22 to 26. Regional HT using the SIGMA 60 applicator (BSD-2000) was given once a week before radiotherapy (45 Gy with 1.8-Gy fractions for 5 weeks). Surgery followed 4 to 6 weeks after completion of HRCT. RESULTS: Preoperative treatment was generally well tolerated, with 16% of patients developing grade III toxicity. No grade IV complications were observed. The overall resectability rate was 32 of 36 patients (89%), and 31 resection specimens had negative margins (R0). One patient refused surgery. In 5 patients (14%), the histopathologic report confirmed no evidence of residual tumor (pCR). A partial remission (PR) was observed in 17 patients (46%). The survival rate after 38 months was 86%. In none of the patients was local recurrence detected after R0(L), but five patients developed distant metastases. CONCLUSION: Preoperative HRCT is feasible and effective and may contribute to locoregional tumor control of advanced rectal cancer, which is to be proven in an ongoing phase III trial.
Keywords:	Adenocarcinoma, Combined Modality Therapy, Feasibility Studies, Induced Hyperthermia, Neoplasm Staging, Preoperative Care, Prospective Studies, Rectal Neoplasms, Survival Rate
Source:	Annals of Surgery
ISSN:	0003-4932
Publisher:	Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Volume:	227
Number:	3
Page Range:	380-389
Date:	1 March 1998
Official Publication:	http://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com/sp-3.2.2b/ovidweb.cgi?&S=BHDIFPMMODDDMFHFNCDLDBDCAEJPAA00&Abstract=S.sh.15\|1\|1
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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