Plasma Cytokine Parameters and Mortality in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Plasma Cytokine Parameters and Mortality in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Creators Name:	Rauchhaus, M. and Doehner, W. and Francis, D.P. and Davos, C. and Kemp, M. and Liebenthal, C. and Niebauer, J. and Hooper, J. and Volk, H.D. and Coats, A.J.S. and Anker, S.D.
Abstract:	BACKGROUND: Inflammatory immune activation is an important feature in chronic heart failure (CHF). Little is known about the prognostic importance of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), soluble TNF-receptor 1 and 2 (sTNF-R1/sTNF-R2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and soluble CD14 receptors (sCD14) in CHF patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 152 CHF patients (age 61+/-1 years, New York Heart Association [NYHA] class 2.6+/-0.1, peak VO(2) 17.3+/-0.6 mL. kg(-1). min(-1), mean+/-SEM) plasma concentrations of immune variables were prospectively assessed. During a mean follow-up of 34 months (>12 months in all patients), 62 patients (41%) died. Cumulative mortality was 28% at 24 months. In univariate analyses, increased total and trimeric TNF-alpha, sTNF-R1, and sTNF-R2 (all P</=0.0001), sCD14 (P=0.0007), and IL-6 (P=0.005) predicted 24-month mortality. With multivariate analysis and receiver operating characteristics, sTNF-R1 emerged among all cytokine parameters as the strongest and most accurate prognosticator in this CHF population, regardless of follow-up duration and independently of NYHA class, peak VO(2), VE/VCO(2) slope, left ventricular ejection fraction, and wasting (P<0.001). The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve for sTNF-R1 was greater than for sTNF-R2 at 6, 12, and 18 months (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: sTNF-R1 was the strongest and most accurate prognosticator, independent of established markers of CHF severity. Assessment of sTNF-R1 may be useful in identifying patients who are at high risk of death and in monitoring patients undergoing anti-TNF-alpha treatment.
Keywords:	Analysis of Variance, CD Antigens, CD14 Antigens, Biological Markers, Low Cardiac Output, Chronic Disease, Cytokines, Immunoassay, Interleukin-6, Prognosis, ROC Curve, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II Receptors, Solubility, Survival Analysis, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Source:	Circulation
ISSN:	0009-7322
Publisher:	American Heart Association
Volume:	102
Number:	25
Page Range:	3060-3067
Date:	19 December 2000
Official Publication:	http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/102/25/3060
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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