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Modelling viral encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus 1 infection in cerebral organoids

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Item Type:Article
Title:Modelling viral encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus 1 infection in cerebral organoids
Creators Name:Rybak-Wolf, A., Wyler, E., Pentimalli, T.M., Legnini, I., Oliveras Martinez, A., Glažar, P., Loewa, A., Kim, S.J., Kaufer, B.B., Woehler, A., Landthaler, M. and Rajewsky, N.
Abstract:Herpes simplex encephalitis is a life-threatening disease of the central nervous system caused by herpes simplex viruses (HSVs). Following standard of care with antiviral acyclovir treatment, most patients still experience various neurological sequelae. Here we characterize HSV-1 infection of human brain organoids by combining single-cell RNA sequencing, electrophysiology and immunostaining. We observed strong perturbations of tissue integrity, neuronal function and cellular transcriptomes. Under acyclovir treatment viral replication was stopped, but did not prevent HSV-1-driven defects such as damage of neuronal processes and neuroepithelium. Unbiased analysis of pathways deregulated upon infection revealed tumour necrosis factor activation as a potential causal factor. Combination of anti-inflammatory drugs such as necrostatin-1 or bardoxolone methyl with antiviral treatment prevented the damages caused by infection, indicating that tuning the inflammatory response in acute infection may improve current therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:Acyclovir, Antiviral Agents, Viral Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex, Human Herpesvirus 1, Organoids
Source:Nature Microbiology
ISSN:2058-5276
Publisher:Nature Publishing Group
Volume:8
Number:7
Page Range:1252-1266
Date:July 2023
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-023-01405-y
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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