Molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise and dietary interventions in the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise and dietary interventions in the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases
Creators Name:	Forte, M. and Rodolico, D. and Ameri, P. and Catalucci, D. and Chimenti, C. and Crotti, L. and Schirone, L. and Pingitore, A. and Torella, D. and Iacovone, G. and Valenti, V. and Schiattarella, G.G. and Perrino, C. and Sciarretta, S.
Abstract:	Cardiometabolic diseases still represent a major cause of mortality worldwide. In addition to pharmacological approaches, lifestyle interventions can also be adopted for the prevention of these morbid conditions. Lifestyle changes include exercise and dietary restriction protocols, such as calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, which were shown to delay cardiovascular ageing and elicit health-promoting effects in preclinical models of cardiometabolic diseases. Beneficial effects are mediated by the restoration of multiple molecular mechanisms in heart and vessels that are compromised by metabolic stress. Exercise and dietary restriction rescue mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. They also improve autophagy. The result of these effects is a marked improvement of vascular and heart function. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of exercise and dietary restriction in models of diabetes and obesity. We also discuss clinical studies and gap in animal-to-human translation.
Keywords:	Calorie Restriction, Cardiometabolic Diseases, Diabetes, Exercise, Obesity, Animals
Source:	Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine
ISSN:	1558-2027
Publisher:	Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Volume:	24
Number:	Suppl 1
Page Range:	e3-e14
Date:	1 April 2023
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.2459/jcm.0000000000001397
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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