Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: International MOGAD Panel proposed criteria

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: International MOGAD Panel proposed criteria
Creators Name:	Banwell, B. and Bennett, J.L. and Marignier, R. and Kim, H.J. and Brilot, F. and Flanagan, E.P. and Ramanathan, S. and Waters, P. and Tenembaum, S. and Graves, J.S. and Chitnis, T. and Brandt, A.U. and Hemingway, C. and Neuteboom, R. and Pandit, L. and Reindl, M. and Saiz, A. and Sato, D.K. and Rostasy, K. and Paul, F. and Pittock, S.J. and Fujihara, K. and Palace, J.
Abstract:	Serum antibodies directed against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are found in patients with acquired CNS demyelinating syndromes that are distinct from multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Based on an extensive literature review and a structured consensus process, we propose diagnostic criteria for MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) in which the presence of MOG-IgG is a core criterion. According to our proposed criteria, MOGAD is typically associated with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, optic neuritis, or transverse myelitis, and is less commonly associated with cerebral cortical encephalitis, brainstem presentations, or cerebellar presentations. MOGAD can present as either a monophasic or relapsing disease course, and MOG-IgG cell-based assays are important for diagnostic accuracy. Diagnoses such as multiple sclerosis need to be excluded, but not all patients with multiple sclerosis should undergo screening for MOG-IgG. These proposed diagnostic criteria require validation but have the potential to improve identification of individuals with MOGAD, which is essential to define long-term clinical outcomes, refine inclusion criteria for clinical trials, and identify predictors of a relapsing versus a monophasic disease course.
Keywords:	Aquaporin 4, Autoantibodies, Immunoglobulin G, Multiple Sclerosis, Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein, Neuromyelitis Optica, Optic Neuritis
Source:	Lancet Neurology
ISSN:	1474-4422
Publisher:	Elsevier / Lancet
Volume:	22
Number:	3
Page Range:	268-282
Date:	March 2023
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00431-8
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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