You need guts to make new neurons

Item Type:	Review
Title:	You need guts to make new neurons
Creators Name:	Wolf, S.A. and Mattei, D.
Abstract:	PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: In the present review, we discuss the very recent findings that the gut microbiota composition can modulate cell-based plasticity in the brain, namely, adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and thereby alter hippocampal dependent behavior. RECENT FINDINGS: Absence of gut microbiota from birth or antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in adults leads to an aberrant metabolite production and immune functions. Both scenarios compromise a proper postnatal brain development, or brain wiring in adults, including aberrant neurogenesis. This in turn leads to a hippocampal mismanagement of environmental cues and renders the animals to be more susceptible to stress and less cognitively flexible which contribute to general impairments in learning and memory functions and social behavior. SUMMARY: Mounting evidence indicates that certain behavior aberrances in germ-free and dysbiotic mice are mediated by changes in neurogenesis. The mechanisms and the relevance of this complex regulation remain to be elucidated by future research.
Keywords:	Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis, Monocytes, Metabolites, Gut-Brain Axis, Behavior, Germ-Free Mice, Antibiotics
Source:	Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports
ISSN:	2196-2979
Publisher:	Springer Nature
Volume:	4
Number:	4
Page Range:	353-360
Date:	December 2017
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-017-0127-4

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