Non-redundant functions of group 2 innate lymphoid cells

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Non-redundant functions of group 2 innate lymphoid cells
Creators Name:	Jarick, K.J. and Topczewska, P.M. and Jakob, M.O. and Yano, H. and Arifuzzaman, M. and Gao, X. and Boulekou, S. and Stokic-Trtica, V. and Leclère, P.S. and Preußer, A. and Rompe, Z.A. and Stamm, A. and Tsou, A.M. and Chu, C. and Heinrich, F.R. and Guerra, G.M. and Durek, P. and Ivanov, A. and Beule, D. and Helfrich, S. and Duerr, C.U. and Kühl, A.A. and Stehle, C. and Romagnani, C. and Mashreghi, M.F. and Diefenbach, A. and Artis, D. and Klose, C.S.N.
Abstract:	Protective immunity relies on the interplay of innate and adaptive immune cells with complementary and redundant functions. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have recently emerged as tissue-resident, innate mirror images of the T cell system, with which they share lineage-specifying transcription factors and effector machinery. Located at barrier surfaces, ILCs are among the first responders against invading pathogens and thus could potentially determine the outcome of the immune response. However, so far it has not been possible to dissect the unique contributions of ILCs to protective immunity owing to limitations in specific targeting of ILC subsets. Thus, all of the available data have been generated either in mice lacking the adaptive immune system or with tools that also affect other immune cell subsets. In addition, it has been proposed that ILCs might be dispensable for a proper immune response because other immune cells could compensate for their absence. Here we report the generation of a mouse model based on the neuromedin U receptor 1 (Nmur1) promoter as a driver for simultaneous expression of Cre recombinase and green fluorescent protein, which enables gene targeting in group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) without affecting other innate and adaptive immune cells. Using Cre-mediated gene deletion of Id2 and Gata3 in Nmur1-expressing cells, we generated mice with a selective and specific deficiency in ILC2s. ILC2-deficient mice have decreased eosinophil counts at steady state and are unable to recruit eosinophils to the airways in models of allergic asthma. Further, ILC2-deficient mice do not mount an appropriate immune and epithelial type 2 response, resulting in a profound defect in worm expulsion and a non-protective type 3 immune response. In total, our data establish non-redundant functions for ILC2s in the presence of adaptive immune cells at steady state and during disease and argue for a multilayered organization of the immune system on the basis of a spatiotemporal division of labour.
Keywords:	Asthma, Animal Disease Models, Eosinophils, Innate Immunity, Lymphocytes, Animals, Mice
Source:	Nature
ISSN:	0028-0836
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
Volume:	611
Number:	7937
Page Range:	794-800
Date:	24 November 2022
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05395-5
External Fulltext:	View full text on PubMed Central
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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