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| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | The polygonal cell shape and surface protein layer of anaerobic methane-oxidizing (methylomirabilis lanthanidiphila) bacteria |
| Creators Name: | Gambelli, L. and Mesman, R. and Versantvoort, W. and Diebolder, C.A. and Engel, A. and Evers, W. and Jetten, M.S.M. and Pabst, M. and Daum, B. and van Niftrik, L. |
| Abstract: | (Methylomirabilis) bacteria perform anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to nitrite reduction via an intra-aerobic pathway, producing carbon dioxide and dinitrogen gas. These diderm bacteria possess an unusual polygonal cell shape with sharp ridges that run along the cell body. Previously, a putative surface protein layer (S-layer) was observed as the outermost cell layer of these bacteria. We hypothesized that this S-layer is the determining factor for their polygonal cell shape. Therefore, we enriched the S-layer from (M. lanthanidiphila) cells and through LC-MS/MS identified a 31 kDa candidate S-layer protein, mela_00855, which had no homology to any other known protein. Antibodies were generated against a synthesized peptide derived from the mela_00855 protein sequence and used in immunogold localization to verify its identity and location. Both on thin sections of (M. lanthanidiphila) cells and in negative-stained enriched S-layer patches, the immunogold localization identified mela_00855 as the S-layer protein. Using electron cryo-tomography and sub-tomogram averaging of S-layer patches, we observed that the S-layer has a hexagonal symmetry. Cryo-tomography of whole cells showed that the S-layer and the outer membrane, but not the peptidoglycan layer and the cytoplasmic membrane, exhibited the polygonal shape. Moreover, the S-layer consisted of multiple rigid sheets that partially overlapped, most likely giving rise to the unique polygonal cell shape. These characteristics make the S-layer of (M. lanthanidiphila) a distinctive and intriguing case to study. |
| Keywords: | Methylomirabilis, NC10 Phylum, Anaerobic Methane Oxidation, S-Layer, Cell Shape, Cryo-Tomography, Sub-Tomogram Averaging |
| Source: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| ISSN: | 1664-302X |
| Publisher: | Frontiers Media SA |
| Volume: | 12 |
| Page Range: | 766527 |
| Date: | 1 December 2021 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.766527 |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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