The polygonal cell shape and surface protein layer of anaerobic methane-oxidizing (methylomirabilis lanthanidiphila) bacteria

Gambelli, L.; Mesman, R.; Versantvoort, W.; Diebolder, C.A.; Engel, A.; Evers, W.; Jetten, M.S.M.; Pabst, M.; Daum, B.; van Niftrik, L.

The polygonal cell shape and surface protein layer of anaerobic methane-oxidizing (methylomirabilis lanthanidiphila) bacteria

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Item Type:	Article
Title:	The polygonal cell shape and surface protein layer of anaerobic methane-oxidizing (methylomirabilis lanthanidiphila) bacteria
Creators Name:	Gambelli, L., Mesman, R., Versantvoort, W., Diebolder, C.A., Engel, A., Evers, W., Jetten, M.S.M., Pabst, M., Daum, B. and van Niftrik, L.
Abstract:	(Methylomirabilis) bacteria perform anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to nitrite reduction via an intra-aerobic pathway, producing carbon dioxide and dinitrogen gas. These diderm bacteria possess an unusual polygonal cell shape with sharp ridges that run along the cell body. Previously, a putative surface protein layer (S-layer) was observed as the outermost cell layer of these bacteria. We hypothesized that this S-layer is the determining factor for their polygonal cell shape. Therefore, we enriched the S-layer from (M. lanthanidiphila) cells and through LC-MS/MS identified a 31 kDa candidate S-layer protein, mela_00855, which had no homology to any other known protein. Antibodies were generated against a synthesized peptide derived from the mela_00855 protein sequence and used in immunogold localization to verify its identity and location. Both on thin sections of (M. lanthanidiphila) cells and in negative-stained enriched S-layer patches, the immunogold localization identified mela_00855 as the S-layer protein. Using electron cryo-tomography and sub-tomogram averaging of S-layer patches, we observed that the S-layer has a hexagonal symmetry. Cryo-tomography of whole cells showed that the S-layer and the outer membrane, but not the peptidoglycan layer and the cytoplasmic membrane, exhibited the polygonal shape. Moreover, the S-layer consisted of multiple rigid sheets that partially overlapped, most likely giving rise to the unique polygonal cell shape. These characteristics make the S-layer of (M. lanthanidiphila) a distinctive and intriguing case to study.
Keywords:	Methylomirabilis, NC10 Phylum, Anaerobic Methane Oxidation, S-Layer, Cell Shape, Cryo-Tomography, Sub-Tomogram Averaging
Source:	Frontiers in Microbiology
ISSN:	1664-302X
Publisher:	Frontiers Media SA
Volume:	12
Page Range:	766527
Date:	1 December 2021
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.766527
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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