Regulatory landscaping: how enhancer-promoter communication is sculpted in 3D

Item Type:	Review
Title:	Regulatory landscaping: how enhancer-promoter communication is sculpted in 3D
Creators Name:	Robson, M.I. and Ringel, A.R. and Mundlos, S.
Abstract:	During embryogenesis, precise gene transcription in space and time requires that distal enhancers and promoters communicate by physical proximity within gene regulatory landscapes. To achieve this, regulatory landscapes fold in nuclear space, creating complex 3D structures that influence enhancer-promoter communication and gene expression and that, when disrupted, can cause disease. Here, we provide an overview of how enhancers and promoters construct regulatory landscapes and how multiple scales of 3D chromatin structure sculpt their communication. We focus on emerging views of what enhancer-promoter contacts and chromatin domains physically represent and how two antagonistic fundamental forces-loop extrusion and homotypic attraction-likely form them. We also examine how these same forces spatially separate regulatory landscapes by functional state, thereby creating higher-order compartments that reconfigure during development to enable proper enhancer-promoter communication.
Keywords:	Cell Nucleus, Chromatin, Mammalian Embryo, Embryonic Development, Genetic Enhancer Elements, Eukaryotic Cells, Developmental Gene Expression Regulation, Genome, Molecular Conformation, Genetic Promoter Regions, Genetic Transcription, Animals
Source:	Molecular Cell
ISSN:	1097-2765
Publisher:	Cell Press
Volume:	74
Number:	6
Page Range:	1110-1122
Date:	20 June 2019
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2019.05.032
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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