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| Title: | The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010–19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 |
| Creators Name: | Tran, K.B. and Lang, J.J. and Compton, K. and Xu, R. and Acheson, A.R. and Henrikson, H.J. and Kocarnik, J.M. and Penberthy, L. and Aali, A. and Abbas, Q. and Abbasi, B. and Abbasi-Kangevari, M. and Abbasi-Kangevari, Z. and Abbastabar, H. and Abdelmasseh, M. and Abd-Elsalam, S. and Abdelwahab, A.A. and Abdoli, G. and Abdulkadir, H.A. and Abedi, A. and Abegaz, K.H. and Abidi, H. and Aboagye, R.G. and Abolhassani, H. and Absalan, A. and Abtew, Yo.D. and Abubaker Ali, H. and Abu-Gharbieh, E. and Achappa, B. and Acuna, J.M. and Addison, D. and Addo, I.Y. and Adegboye, O.A. and Adesina, M.A. and Adnan, M. and Adnani, Q.E.S. and Advani, S.M. and Afrin, S. and Afzal, M.S. and Aggarwal, M. and Ahinkorah, B.O. and Ahmad, A.R. and Ahmad, R. and Ahmad, S. and Ahmad, S. and Ahmadi, S. and Ahmed, H. and Ahmed, L.A. and Ahmed, M.B. and Ahmed Rashid, T. and Aiman, W. and Ajami, M. and Akalu, G.T. and Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, M. and Aklilu, A. and Akonde, M. and Akunna, C.J. and Al Hamad, H. and Alahdab, F. and Alanezi, F.M. and Alanzi, T.M. and Alessy, S.A. and Algammal, A.M. and Al-Hanawi, M.K. and Alhassan, R.K. and Ali, B.A. and Ali, L. and Ali, S.S. and Alimohamadi, Y. and Alipour, V. and Aljunid, S.M. and Alkhayyat, M. and Al-Maweri, S.A.A. and Almustanyir, S. and Alonso, N. and Alqalyoobi, S. and Al-Raddadi, R.M. and Al-Rifai, R.H.H. and Al-Sabah, S.K. and Al-Tammemi, A.B. and Altawalah, H. and Alvis-Guzman, N. and Amare, F. and Ameyaw, E.K. and Aminian Dehkordi, J.J. and Amirzade-Iranaq, M.H. and Amu, H. and Amusa, G.A. and Ancuceanu, R. and Anderson, J.A. and Animut, Y.A. and Anoushiravani, A. and Anoushirvani, A.A. and Ansari-Moghaddam, A. and Ansha, M.G. and Antony, B. and Antwi, M.H. and Anwar, S.L. and Anwer, R. and Anyasodor, A.E. and Arabloo, J. and Arab-Zozani, M. and Aremu, O. and Argaw, A.M. and Ariffin, H. and Aripov, T. and Arshad, M. and Artaman, A. and Arulappan, J. and Aruleba, R.T. and Aryannejad, A. and Asaad, M. and Asemahagn, M.A. and Asemi, Z. and Asghari-Jafarabadi, M. and Ashraf, T. and Assadi, R. and Athar, M. and Athari, S.S. and Atout, M.M.W. and Attia, S. and Aujayeb, A. and Ausloos, M. and Avila-Burgos, L. and Awedew, A.F. and Awoke, M.A. and Awoke, T. and Ayala Quintanilla, B.P. and Ayana, T.M. and Ayen, S.S. and Azadi, D. and Azadnajafabad, S. and Azami-Aghdash, S. and Azanaw, M.M. and Azangou-Khyavy, M. and Azari Jafari, A. and Azizi, H. and Azzam, A.Y.Y. and Babajani, A. and Badar, M. and Badiye, A.D. and Baghcheghi, N. and Bagheri, N. and Bagherieh, S. and Bahadory, S. and Baig, A.A. and Baker, J.L. and Bakhtiari, A. and Bakshi, R.K. and Banach, M. and Banerjee, I. and Bardhan, M. and Barone-Adesi, F. and Barra, F. and Barrow, A. and Bashir, N.Z. and Bashiri, A. and Basu, S. and Batiha, A.M.M. and Begum, A. and Bekele, A.B. and Belay, A.S. and Belete, M.A. and Belgaumi, U.I. and Bell, A.W. and Belo, L. and Benzian, H. and Berhie, A.Y. and Bermudez, A.N.C. and Bernabe, E. and Bhagavathula, A.S. and Bhala, N. and Bhandari, B.B. and Bhardwaj, N. and Bhardwaj, P. and Bhattacharyya, K. and Bhojaraja, V.S. and Bhuyan, S.S. and Bibi, S. and Bilchut, A.H. and Bintoro, B.S. and Biondi, A. and Birega, M.G.B. and Birhan, H.E. and Bjørge, T. and Blyuss, O. and Bodicha, B.B.A. and Bolla, S.R. and Boloor, A. and Bosetti, C. and Braithwaite, D. and Brauer, M. and Brenner, H. and Briko, A.N. and Briko, N.I. and Buchanan, C.M. and Bulamu, N.B. and Bustamante-Teixeira, M.T. and Butt, M.H. and Butt, N.S. and Butt, Z.A. and Caetano dos Santos, F.L. and Cámera, L.A. and Cao, C. and Cao, Y. and Carreras, G. and Carvalho, M. and Cembranel, F. and Cerin, E. and Chakraborty, P.A. and Charalampous, P. and Chattu, V.K. and Chimed-Ochir, O. and Chirinos-Caceres, J.L. and Cho, D.Y. and Cho, W.C.S. and Christopher, D.J. and Chu, D.T. and Chukwu, I.S. and Cohen, A.J. and Conde, J. and Cortés, S. and Costa, V.M. and Cruz-Martins, N. and Culbreth, G.T. and Dadras, O. and Dagnaw, F.T. and Dahlawi, S.M.A and Dai, X. and 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| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. METHODS: The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk–outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. FINDINGS: Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01–4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0–116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3–48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1–45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60–3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8–54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36–1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5–41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6–28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8–25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [27·9–42·8] and 33·3% [25·8–42·0]). INTERPRETATION: The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. |
| Keywords: | Global Burden of Disease, Global Health, Neoplasms, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Smoking |
| Source: | Lancet |
| ISSN: | 0140-6736 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Volume: | 400 |
| Number: | 10352 |
| Page Range: | 563-591 |
| Date: | 20 August 2022 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01438-6 |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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