A high-resolution map of human RNA translation

Item Type:	Article
Title:	A high-resolution map of human RNA translation
Creators Name:	Chothani, S.P. and Adami, E. and Widjaja, A.A. and Langley, S.R. and Viswanathan, S. and Pua, C.J. and Zhihao, N.T. and Harmston, N. and D'Agostino, G. and Whiffin, N. and Mao, W. and Ouyang, J.F. and Lim, W.W. and Lim, S. and Lee, C.Q.E. and Grubman, A. and Chen, J. and Kovalik, J.P. and Tryggvason, K. and Polo, J.M. and Ho, L. and Cook, S.A. and Rackham, O.J.L. and Schafer, S.
Abstract:	Translated small open reading frames (smORFs) can have important regulatory roles and encode microproteins, yet their genome-wide identification has been challenging. We determined the ribosome locations across six primary human cell types and five tissues and detected 7,767 smORFs with translational profiles matching those of known proteins. The human genome was found to contain highly cell-type- and tissue-specific smORFs and a subset that encodes highly conserved amino acid sequences. Changes in the translational efficiency of upstream-encoded smORFs (uORFs) and the corresponding main ORFs predominantly occur in the same direction. Integration with 456 mass-spectrometry datasets confirms the presence of 603 small peptides at the protein level in humans and provides insights into the subcellular localization of these small proteins. This study provides a comprehensive atlas of high-confidence translated smORFs derived from primary human cells and tissues in order to provide a more complete understanding of the translated human genome.
Keywords:	smORFs, Ribosome Profiling, Ribo-Seq, Translation, uORFs, dORFs, Untranslated Regions, lncRNAs
Source:	Molecular Cell
ISSN:	1097-2765
Publisher:	Cell Press
Volume:	82
Number:	15
Page Range:	2885-2899.e8
Date:	4 August 2022
Additional Information:	Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2022.06.023
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