Infectious complications of targeted drugs and biotherapies in acute leukemia. Clinical practice guidelines by the European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL), a joint venture of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), the International Immunocompromised Host Society (ICHS) and the European Leukemia Net (ELN)

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Item Type:	Review
Title:	Infectious complications of targeted drugs and biotherapies in acute leukemia. Clinical practice guidelines by the European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL), a joint venture of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), the International Immunocompromised Host Society (ICHS) and the European Leukemia Net (ELN)
Creators Name:	Maschmeyer, G. and Bullinger, L. and Garcia-Vidal, C. and Herbrecht, R. and Maertens, J. and Menna, P. and Pagano, L. and Thiebaut-Bertrand, A. and Calandra, T.
Abstract:	The 9th web-based European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-9), held September 16-17, 2021, reviewed the risk of infections and febrile neutropenia associated with more recently approved immunotherapeutic agents and molecular targeted drugs for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Novel antibody based treatment approaches (inotuzumab ozogamicin, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, flotetuzumab), isocitrate dehydrogenases inhibitors (ivosidenib, enasidenib, olutasidenib), FLT3 kinase inhibitors (gilteritinib, midostaurin, quizartinib), a hedgehog inhibitor (glasdegib) as well as a BCL2 inhibitor (venetoclax) were reviewed with respect to their mode of action, their immunosuppressive potential, their current approval and the infectious complications and febrile neutropenia reported from clinical studies. Evidence-based recommendations for prevention and management of infectious complications and specific alerts regarding the potential for drug-drug interactions were developed and discussed in a plenary session with the panel of experts until consensus was reached. The set of recommendations was posted on the ECIL website for a month for comments from members of EBMT, EORTC, ICHS and ELN before final approval by the panelists. While a majority of these agents are not associated with a significantly increased risk when used as monotherapy, caution is required with combination therapy such as venetoclax plus hypomethylating agents, gemtuzumab ozogamicin plus cytotoxic drugs or midostaurin added to conventional AML chemotherapy.
Keywords:	Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Biological Therapy, Febrile Neutropenia, Immunocompromised Host, Infections, Monoclonal Antibodies, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
Source:	Leukemia
ISSN:	0887-6924
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
Volume:	36
Number:	5
Page Range:	1215-1226
Date:	May 2022
Additional Information:	Erratum in: Leukemia https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-022-01556-7, published online 02 April 2022
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-022-01556-7
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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