Volumenmanagement bei chronischen Nierenerkrankungen [Volume management in chronic kidney disease]

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Volumenmanagement bei chronischen Nierenerkrankungen [Volume management in chronic kidney disease]
Creators Name:	Kettritz, R. and Schirmer, S.H. and Heine, G.H.
Abstract:	Understanding the (patho-)physiology of volume regulation and osmoregulation is fundamental to guide patient advice and therapy in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Volume regulation primarily impacts the amount of sodium in the body, and it mainly affects the extracellular space, while osmoregulation primarily impacts the amount of free water, and it affects both the intra- and extracellular space. The kidneys control water and sodium homeostasis both through their sensor (e. g. tubuloglomerular feedback) and regulator systems (e. g. sodium reabsorption). Many CKD patients are advised by non-nephrologists to a high fluid intake, although they often do not require a daily intake of more than 1.5 litres. Many CKD patients are hypervolemic, and sodium restriction is of key importance in patients' effort to utilize lifestyle changes as therapeutic means. Pharmacologically, (particularly loop) diuretics are the basis of therapy, increasing sodium excretion. Recent developments shift the focus towards classes of drugs ameliorating prognosis in CKD: sodium-glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have proven beneficial in heart and renal failure - by sodium and fluid excretion, among others; additionally, a novel mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), finerenone, was recently shown to improve prognosis in CKD.
Keywords:	Volume Balance, Osmoregulation, Chronic Kidney Disease, Diuretics, SGLT-2 Inhibitors, Mineral Corticosteroids
Source:	Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift
ISSN:	0012-0472
Publisher:	Thieme
Volume:	146
Number:	8
Page Range:	518-524
Date:	April 2021
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1267-5219
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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