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| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | B cell depletion and signs of sepsis-acquired immunodeficiency in bone marrow and spleen of COVID-19 deceased |
| Creators Name: | Ihlow, J. and Michaelis, E. and Greuel, S. and Heynol, V. and Lehmann, A. and Radbruch, H. and Meinhardt, J. and Miller, F. and Herbst, H. and Corman, V.M. and Westermann, J. and Bullinger, L. and Horst, D. and von Brünneck, A.C. and Elezkurtaj, S. |
| Abstract: | OBJECTIVES: In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the adaptive immune response is of considerable importance, and detailed cellular immune reactions in the hematological system of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are yet to be clarified. METHODS: This study reports the morphological characterization of both bone marrow and spleen in 11 COVID-19 decedents with respect to findings in the peripheral blood and pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 burden. RESULTS: In the bone marrow, activation and left shift were found in at least 55% of patients, which was mirrored by peripheral anaemia, granulocytic immaturity and multiple thromboembolic events. Signs of sepsis-acquired immunodeficiency were found in the setting of an abscess-forming superinfection of viral COVID-19 pneumonia. Furthermore, a severe B cell loss was observed in the bone marrow and/or spleen in 64% of COVID-19 patients. This was reflected by lymphocytopenia in the peripheral blood. As compared to B cell preservation, B cell loss was associated with a higher pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 burden and only a marginal decrease of of T cell counts. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest the presence of sepsis-related immunodeficiency in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with superinfection. Furthermore, our findings indicate that lymphocytopenia in COVID-19 is accompanied by B cell depletion in hematopoietic tissue, which might impede the durability of the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2. |
| Keywords: | COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Bone Marrow, Spleen, B Cells, Sepsis, Immunodeficiency, Humoral Immune Response |
| Source: | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| ISSN: | 1201-9712 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Volume: | 103 |
| Page Range: | 628-635 |
| Date: | February 2021 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.078 |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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