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| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Computational pan-genomics: status, promises and challenges |
| Abstract: | Many disciplines, from human genetics and oncology to plant breeding, microbiology and virology, commonly face the challenge of analyzing rapidly increasing numbers of genomes. In case of Homo sapiens, the number of sequenced genomes will approach hundreds of thousands in the next few years. Simply scaling up established bioinformatics pipelines will not be sufficient for leveraging the full potential of such rich genomic data sets. Instead, novel, qualitatively different computational methods and paradigms are needed. We will witness the rapid extension of computational pan-genomics, a new sub-area of research in computational biology. In this article, we generalize existing definitions and understand a pan-genome as any collection of genomic sequences to be analyzed jointly or to be used as a reference. We examine already available approaches to construct and use pan-genomes, discuss the potential benefits of future technologies and methodologies and review open challenges from the vantage point of the above-mentioned biological disciplines. As a prominent example for a computational paradigm shift, we particularly highlight the transition from the representation of reference genomes as strings to representations as graphs. We outline how this and other challenges from different application domains translate into common computational problems, point out relevant bioinformatics techniques and identify open problems in computer science. With this review, we aim to increase awareness that a joint approach to computational pan-genomics can help address many of the problems currently faced in various domains. |
| Keywords: | Pan-Genome, Sequence Graph, Read Mapping, Haplotypes, Data Structures |
| Source: | Briefings in Bioinformatics |
| ISSN: | 1467-5463 |
| Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
| Volume: | 19 |
| Number: | 1 |
| Page Range: | 118-135 |
| Date: | January 2018 |
| Additional Information: | Ashley D. Sanders is a member of the Computational Pan-Genomics Consortium. The Consortium formed at a workshop held from 8 to 12 June 2015, at the Lorentz Center in Leiden, the Netherlands, withthe purpose of providing a cross-disciplinary overview of the emerging discipline of Computational Pan-Genomics. The workshop was organized by Victor Guryev, Tobias Marschall, Alexander Schönhuth (chair), Fabio Vandin, and Kai Ye. Consortium members are listed at the end of this article. Corresponding author: Tobias Marschall, Center for Bioinformatics at Saarland University and Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland InformaticsCampus, Saarbrücken, Germany. Tel.: +49 681 302 70880; E-mail:t.marschall@mpi-inf.mpg.de |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbw089 |
| External Fulltext: | View full text on PubMed Central |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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