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A human ESC-based screen identifies a role for the translated lncRNA LINC00261 in pancreatic endocrine differentiation

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Item Type:Article
Title:A human ESC-based screen identifies a role for the translated lncRNA LINC00261 in pancreatic endocrine differentiation
Creators Name:Gaertner, B., van Heesch, S., Schneider-Lunitz, V., Schulz, J.F., Witte, F., Blachut, S., Nguyen, S., Wong, R., Matta, I., Hübner, N. and Sander, M.
Abstract:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a heterogenous group of RNAs, which can encode small proteins. The extent to which developmentally regulated lncRNAs are translated and whether the produced microproteins are relevant for human development is unknown. Using a human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-based pancreatic differentiation system, we show that many lncRNAs in direct vicinity of lineage-determining transcription factors (TFs) are dynamically regulated, predominantly cytosolic, and highly translated. We genetically ablated ten such lncRNAs, most of them translated, and found that nine are dispensable for pancreatic endocrine cell development. However, deletion of LINC00261 diminishes insulin(+) cells, in a manner independent of the nearby TF FOXA2. One-by-one deletion of each of LINC00261's open reading frames suggests that the RNA, rather than the produced microproteins, is required for endocrine development. Our work highlights extensive translation of lncRNAs during hESC pancreatic differentiation and provides a blueprint for dissection of their coding and noncoding roles.
Keywords:ORF Detection, CRISPR, Endocrine Development, Endoderm, hESC, Insulin, lncRNAs, Microproteins, Pancreas Development, Ribosome Profiling, Short ORFs, Translational Regulation, Translatome
Source:eLife
ISSN:2050-084X
Publisher:eLife Sciences Publications
Volume:9
Page Range:e58659
Date:3 August 2020
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.58659
PubMed:View item in PubMed

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