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| Item Type: | Review |
|---|---|
| Title: | Diagnosis and treatment of NMO spectrum disorder and MOG-encephalomyelitis |
| Creators Name: | Borisow, N. and Mori, M. and Kuwabara, S. and Scheel, M. and Paul, F. |
| Abstract: | Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are autoantibody mediated chronic inflammatory diseases. Serum antibodies (Abs) against the aquaporin-4 water channel lead to recurrent attacks of optic neuritis, myelitis and/or brainstem syndromes. In some patients with symptoms of NMOSD, no AQP4-Abs but Abs against myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG) are detectable. These clinical syndromes are now frequently referred to as "MOG-encephalomyelitis" (MOG-EM). Here we give an overview on current recommendations concerning diagnosis of NMOSD and MOG-EM. These include antibody and further laboratory testing, MR imaging and optical coherence tomography. We discuss therapeutic options of acute attacks as well as longterm immunosuppressive treatment, including azathioprine, rituximab, and immunoglobulins. |
| Keywords: | Neuromyelitis Optica, Aquaporin-4 Antibodies, MOG-Encephalomyelitis, Diagnostic Criteria, Immunosuppressive Treatment |
| Source: | Frontiers in Neurology |
| ISSN: | 1664-2295 |
| Publisher: | Frontiers Media SA |
| Volume: | 9 |
| Page Range: | 888 |
| Date: | October 2018 |
| Official Publication: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00888 |
| PubMed: | View item in PubMed |
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