Agent-based simulation of notch-mediated tip cell selection in angiogenic sprout initialisation

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Agent-based simulation of notch-mediated tip cell selection in angiogenic sprout initialisation
Creators Name:	Bentley, K. and Gerhardt, H. and Bates, P.A.
Abstract:	Angiogenic sprouting requires functional specialisation of endothelial cells into leading tip cells and following stalk cells. Experimental data illustrate that induction of the tip cell phenotype is dependent on the protein VEGF-A; however, the process of tip cell selection is not fully understood. Here we introduce a hierarchical agent-based model simulating a suggested feedback loop that links VEGF-A tip cell induction with delta-like 4 (Dll4)/notch-mediated lateral inhibition. The model identifies VEGF-A concentration, VEGF-A gradients and filopodia extension as critical parameters in determining the robustness of tip/stalk patterning. The behaviour of the model provides new mechanistic insights into the vascular patterning defects observed in pathologically high VEGF-A, such as diabetic retinopathy and tumour angiogenesis. We investigate the role of cell morphology in tip/stalk patterning, highlighting filopodia as lateral inhibition amplifiers. The model has been used to make a number of predictions, which are now being tested experimentally, including: (1) levels of Dll4/VEGFR-2, or related downstream proteins, oscillate in synchrony along a vessel in high VEGF environments; (2) a VEGF gradient increases tip cell selection rate.
Keywords:	Angiogenesis, Agent-Based Modelling, Notch, Oscillation, Lateral Inhibition, Animals, Mice
Source:	Journal of Theoretical Biology
ISSN:	0022-5193
Publisher:	Elsevier / Academic Press
Volume:	250
Number:	1
Page Range:	25-36
Date:	7 January 2008
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.09.015
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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