Dendritic cells tip the balance towards induction of regulatory T cells upon priming in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Dendritic cells tip the balance towards induction of regulatory T cells upon priming in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Creators Name:	Paterka, M. and Voss, J.O. and Werr, J. and Reuter, E. and Franck, S. and Leuenberger, T. and Herz, J. and Radbruch, H. and Bopp, T. and Siffrin, V. and Zipp, F.
Abstract:	Counter-balancing regulatory mechanisms, such as the induction of regulatory T cells (Treg), limit the effects of autoimmune attack in neuroinflammation. However, the role of dendritic cells (DCs) as the most powerful antigen-presenting cells, which are intriguing therapeutic targets in this context, is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that conditional ablation of DCs during the priming phase of myelin-specific T cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) selectively aborts inducible Treg (iTreg) induction, whereas generation of T helper (Th)1/17 cells is unaltered. DCs facilitate iTreg induction by creating a milieu with high levels of interleukin (IL)-2 due to a strong proliferative response. In the absence of DCs, B220(+) B cells take over priming of Th17 cells in the place of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), but not the induction of iTreg, thus leading to unregulated, severe autoimmunity.
Keywords:	EAE, Dendritic Cells, Immune Regulation, Th17, Treg Cells, Multiple Sclerosis, Mice, Animals
Source:	Journal of Autoimmunity
ISSN:	0896-8411
Publisher:	Elsevier / Academic Press
Volume:	76
Page Range:	108-114
Date:	January 2017
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2016.09.008
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

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